A new MIT study warns that switching ships from diesel to ammonia fuel, intended to cut greenhouse gas emissions, could harm human health without stricter regulations. Burning ammonia releases nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which cause smog and respiratory issues. This could lead to 600,000 premature deaths annually if current regulations persist.
However, green ammonia, produced with renewable energy, offers significant environmental benefits. Cleaner engines and robust regulations could reduce premature deaths by 20,000 to 66,000. MIT emphasizes a holistic approach to climate solutions, balancing decarbonization with public health. Collaborative efforts with the maritime industry and policymakers are crucial for effective regulations and technology development to mitigate health risks and enhance air quality.
