Pakistan’s Maritime Logistics Face Critical Challenges
As Pakistan grapples with a surge in edible oil and agribulk imports, the country’s maritime logistics are under increasing strain. By November 2025, edible oil imports reached a record 3.5 million metric tons, a 28% increase from the previous year. This spike, alongside a staggering 200% rise in agribulk imports, highlights significant operational and infrastructural gaps that threaten food security and supply chain stability. Experts warn that without urgent reforms, these challenges could escalate, impacting both costs and efficiency.
Infrastructure and Operational Challenges
Pakistan’s reliance on maritime logistics for over 95% of its trade underscores the critical need for efficient port operations. However, many public jetties, constructed decades ago, are ill-equipped to handle modern vessels and their larger cargo capacities. This mismatch leads to extended waiting times for ships, increased demurrage costs, and disruptions for refiners and mills. The lack of deep-draft berths further complicates matters, as larger vessels face restrictions that drive up freight costs and limit the country’s ability to capitalize on global shipping efficiencies.
Moreover, the dependence on private terminals introduces variability in handling practices and tariff structures, resulting in unpredictable costs and inconsistent service quality. This inconsistency not only affects vessel turnaround times but also creates challenges in maintaining cargo integrity. Disputes often arise due to discrepancies between vessel measurements and shore-side records, exacerbated by weak regulatory oversight. While initiatives aimed at improving transparency and accountability exist, a more standardized operational framework is essential to enhance predictability and fairness across the import ecosystem.
Future Prospects and Necessary Reforms
To address these pressing issues, Pakistan must reimagine its ports as integrated service hubs rather than mere cargo interfaces. This transformation involves investing in modern infrastructure that supports both vessel operations and crew welfare. Current operational constraints, such as limited night navigation and inadequate crew services, hinder overall efficiency and reliability. By adopting advanced technologies and improving service offerings, Pakistan can enhance its competitiveness on the global stage.
India Commits $8B to Expand Shipbuilding Industry to Reach Top 5 Worldwide
Encouragingly, recent investments in terminal developments signal a positive outlook for the future of Pakistan’s edible oil and grain logistics. Projects like the FWQ Liquid Cargo Terminal and the Karachi Gateway Terminal partnership promise to bolster handling capacity and operational efficiency. As these initiatives unfold, they present an opportunity for Pakistan to strengthen its maritime logistics framework, ensuring a more resilient and efficient supply chain that meets the demands of a rapidly evolving global market.
