World’s First Ship-to-Ship Ammonia Bunkering to an Ammonia-Fueled Vessel
On September 17, NYK Line, in collaboration with Japan Marine United Corporation, Nihon Shipyard Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc., and Kokuka Sangyo Co., Ltd., successfully executed the world’s first ship-to-ship (STS) ammonia bunkering operation. This groundbreaking event took place at the Ariake Shipyard in Japan, where ammonia fuel was transferred from the ammonia carrier Shoei Maru to an ammonia-fueled medium gas carrier (AFMGC). The AFMGC is set for delivery in November 2026 and is preparing for sea trials utilizing ammonia as fuel. This operation marks a significant step toward the practical deployment of ammonia-fueled vessels, underscoring the importance of ammonia as a sustainable marine fuel option.
Significance of Ammonia in Marine Fuel Transition
Ammonia is gaining attention as a next-generation marine fuel due to its potential to significantly reduce carbon emissions. Unlike traditional fuels, ammonia emits no carbon dioxide (CO₂) when burned, making it a key player in the decarbonization of the maritime industry. However, its toxicity poses challenges, and ensuring safe handling and operational procedures is crucial for its widespread adoption. The recent bunkering operation was carried out following thorough discussions among the partner companies, which established safety protocols and operational practices prior to the transfer. This careful planning and execution not only ensured a safe operation but also provided valuable insights into fuel supply operations necessary for ammonia’s future use in shipping.
The successful completion of this STS operation serves as a pioneering example of the necessary infrastructure for the broader adoption of ammonia-fueled vessels. With the AFMGC in the final stage of construction, this initiative represents a significant milestone in the development of an ammonia supply chain, essential for commercial utilization of ammonia as a marine fuel. Additionally, this operation aligns with the goals of Japan’s Green Innovation Fund Project, which aims to support the transition toward carbon neutrality by 2050 through investment in innovative technologies and infrastructure.
Future Implications for Shipping Industry
This ammonia bunkering operation highlights the collaborative efforts within the maritime industry to embrace sustainable fuel alternatives. The Shoei Maru, with a gross tonnage of 998 tons, plays a critical role in transporting ammonia, particularly for the Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company’s Niigata Plant. The STS method used for the fuel transfer involves connecting a bunkering vessel with a receiving vessel via transfer hoses, allowing for efficient and direct fuel supply.
As the shipping industry faces increasing pressure to reduce its carbon footprint, the successful implementation of ammonia as a fuel source could lead to transformative changes in maritime operations. The insights gained from this operation will not only inform future ammonia fuel supply strategies but also contribute to the global effort to achieve sustainable shipping practices. As the world moves towards greener alternatives, initiatives like this will be vital in shaping the future of maritime fuel consumption and establishing a reliable ammonia supply chain for the industry.
